॥ ॐ श्री परमात्मने नमः ॥
अथ चतुर्दशोऽध्यायः । गुणत्रयविभागयोगः
श्रीभगवानुवाच ।
परं भूयः प्रवक्ष्यामि ज्ञानानां ज्ञानमुत्तमम् ।
यज्ज्ञात्वा मुनयः सर्वे परां सिद्धिमितो गताः ॥ १४-१॥
इदं ज्ञानमुपाश्रित्य मम साधर्म्यमागताः ।
सर्गेऽपि नोपजायन्ते प्रलये न व्यथन्ति च ॥ १४-२॥
मम योनिर्महद् ब्रह्म तस्मिन्गर्भं दधाम्यहम् ।
सम्भवः सर्वभूतानां ततो भवति भारत ॥ १४-३॥
सर्वयोनिषु कौन्तेय मूर्तयः सम्भवन्ति याः ।
तासां ब्रह्म महद्योनिरहं बीजप्रदः पिता ॥ १४-४॥
सत्त्वं रजस्तम इति गुणाः प्रकृतिसम्भवाः ।
निबध्नन्ति महाबाहो देहे देहिनमव्ययम् ॥ १४-५॥
तत्र सत्त्वं निर्मलत्वात्प्रकाशकमनामयम् ।
सुखसङ्गेन बध्नाति ज्ञानसङ्गेन चानघ ॥ १४-६॥
रजो रागात्मकं विद्धि तृष्णासङ्गसमुद्भवम् ।
तन्निबध्नाति कौन्तेय कर्मसङ्गेन देहिनम् ॥ १४-७॥
तमस्त्वज्ञानजं विद्धि मोहनं सर्वदेहिनाम् ।
प्रमादालस्यनिद्राभिस्तन्निबध्नाति भारत ॥ १४-८॥
सत्त्वं सुखे सञ्जयति रजः कर्मणि भारत ।
ज्ञानमावृत्य तु तमः प्रमादे सञ्जयत्युत ॥ १४-९॥
रजस्तमश्चाभिभूय सत्त्वं भवति भारत ।
रजः सत्त्वं तमश्चैव तमः सत्त्वं रजस्तथा ॥ १४-१०॥
सर्वद्वारेषु देहेऽस्मिन्प्रकाश उपजायते ।
ज्ञानं यदा तदा विद्याद्विवृद्धं सत्त्वमित्युत ॥ १४-११॥
लोभः प्रवृत्तिरारम्भः कर्मणामशमः स्पृहा ।
रजस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे भरतर्षभ ॥ १४-१२॥
अप्रकाशोऽप्रवृत्तिश्च प्रमादो मोह एव च ।
तमस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे कुरुनन्दन ॥ १४-१३॥
यदा सत्त्वे प्रवृद्धे तु प्रलयं याति देहभृत् ।
तदोत्तमविदां लोकानमलान्प्रतिपद्यते ॥ १४-१४॥
रजसि प्रलयं गत्वा कर्मसङ्गिषु जायते ।
तथा प्रलीनस्तमसि मूढयोनिषु जायते ॥ १४-१५॥
कर्मणः सुकृतस्याहुः सात्त्विकं निर्मलं फलम् ।
रजसस्तु फलं दुःखमज्ञानं तमसः फलम् ॥ १४-१६॥
सत्त्वात्सञ्जायते ज्ञानं रजसो लोभ एव च ।
प्रमादमोहौ तमसो भवतोऽज्ञानमेव च ॥ १४-१७॥
ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः ।
जघन्यगुणवृत्तिस्था अधो गच्छन्ति तामसाः ॥ १४-१८॥
नान्यं गुणेभ्यः कर्तारं यदा द्रष्टानुपश्यति ।
गुणेभ्यश्च परं वेत्ति मद्भावं सोऽधिगच्छति ॥ १४-१९॥
गुणानेतानतीत्य त्रीन्देही देहसमुद्भवान् ।
जन्ममृत्युजरादुःखैर्विमुक्तोऽमृतमश्नुते ॥ १४-२०॥
अर्जुन उवाच ।
कैर्लिङ्गैस्त्रीन्गुणानेतानतीतो भवति प्रभो ।
किमाचारः कथं चैतांस्त्रीन्गुणानतिवर्तते ॥ १४-२१॥
श्रीभगवानुवाच ।
प्रकाशं च प्रवृत्तिं च मोहमेव च पाण्डव ।
न द्वेष्टि सम्प्रवृत्तानि न निवृत्तानि काङ्क्षति ॥ १४-२२॥
उदासीनवदासीनो गुणैर्यो न विचाल्यते ।
गुणा वर्तन्त इत्येवं योऽवतिष्ठति नेङ्गते ॥ १४-२३॥
समदुःखसुखः स्वस्थः समलोष्टाश्मकाञ्चनः ।
तुल्यप्रियाप्रियो धीरस्तुल्यनिन्दात्मसंस्तुतिः ॥ १४-२४॥
मानापमानयोस्तुल्यस्तुल्यो मित्रारिपक्षयोः ।
सर्वारम्भपरित्यागी गुणातीतः स उच्यते ॥ १४-२५॥
मां च योऽव्यभिचारेण भक्तियोगेन सेवते ।
स गुणान्समतीत्यैतान्ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते ॥ १४-२६॥
ब्रह्मणो हि प्रतिष्ठाहममृतस्याव्ययस्य च ।
शाश्वतस्य च धर्मस्य सुखस्यैकान्तिकस्य च ॥ १४-२७॥
ॐ तत्सदिति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासूपनिषत्सु
ब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रे श्रीकृष्णार्जुनसंवादे
गुणत्रयविभागयोगो नाम चतुर्दशोऽध्यायः ॥ १४॥
Introduction to Chapter 14
Overview of Gunatraya Vibhaga Yoga
Chapter 14 of the Bhagavad Gita, known as 'Gunatraya Vibhaga Yoga' or 'The Yoga of Division of the Three Gunas,' delves into the nature of the three fundamental qualities—Sattva (goodness), Rajas (passion), and Tamas (ignorance)—that influence human behavior and spiritual progress.
Arjuna's Inquiry
Arjuna seeks clarity from Lord Krishna on the nature of the three gunas and their impact on the soul's bondage and liberation. Krishna responds by explaining how these modes of nature bind the soul and how one can transcend them.
Significance of the Chapter
This chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding the three gunas and their influence on human behavior. Recognizing and transcending these modes is presented as essential for spiritual liberation.
Relevance to Modern Seekers
In contemporary times, this chapter offers valuable insights into self-awareness and the nature of existence. It encourages individuals to transcend bodily identification and realize their true spiritual essence.
Path to Liberation
By understanding the nature of the gunas and cultivating qualities like humility, non-violence, and self-discipline, individuals can attain liberation and realize their oneness with the Supreme.
Understanding the Three Gunas
Definition of Sattva
Sattva is the quality of purity, knowledge, and harmony. It binds the soul by attachment to happiness and knowledge, leading to higher states of existence.
Definition of Rajas
Rajas is the quality of passion, activity, and desire. It binds the soul by attachment to action and the fruits of action, leading to continued material existence.
Definition of Tamas
Tamas is the quality of ignorance, inertia, and delusion. It binds the soul by attachment to heedlessness and delusion, leading to lower forms of life.
Interaction of the Gunas
The gunas interact in various combinations, influencing the mind and behavior. Understanding these interactions helps in transcending their influence.
Impact on Rebirth
The predominance of a particular guna at the time of death determines the nature of the next birth. Sattva leads to higher births, Rajas to continued material existence, and Tamas to lower forms of life.
Transcending the Gunas
Path to Liberation
Transcending the gunas involves recognizing their influence and cultivating qualities that lead to liberation, such as detachment, self-discipline, and devotion.
Role of Knowledge
Knowledge of the nature of the gunas and their influence is essential for transcending them. This knowledge leads to self-awareness and spiritual growth.
Practice of Detachment
Detachment from the fruits of action and from material desires helps in transcending the gunas and attaining liberation.
Devotion to the Supreme
Unswerving devotion to Krishna (bhakti-yoga) is highlighted as the most effective way to transcend the modes of material nature and achieve liberation.
Equanimity in Dualities
One who remains unaffected by pleasure and pain, success and failure, and maintains equanimity is said to have transcended the gunas.
Qualities of the Transcendent
Steadfastness
A person who is unwavering in their commitment to spiritual practices and maintains a steady mind is considered to have transcended the gunas.
Non-attachment
Non-attachment to material possessions and outcomes signifies transcendence over the gunas.
Self-awareness
Self-awareness and introspection are key to recognizing the influence of the gunas and transcending them.
Compassion
Compassion towards all living beings reflects a transcendence over the gunas, particularly Tamas.
Equanimity
Maintaining equanimity in all situations demonstrates mastery over the gunas.
Practical Application in Daily Life
Recognizing the Gunas
Being aware of the predominant guna influencing thoughts and actions helps in making conscious choices.
Choosing Sattvic Actions
Engaging in activities that promote purity, knowledge, and harmony leads to the cultivation of Sattva.
Managing Rajasic Tendencies
Balancing desires and actions through self-discipline and detachment helps in managing Rajas.
Overcoming Tamasic Influences
Overcoming inertia and delusion through mindfulness and spiritual practices leads to the transcendence of Tamas.
Integrating Knowledge and Practice
Combining knowledge of the gunas with practical application in daily life facilitates spiritual growth and liberation.
Conclusion
Summary of Teachings
Chapter 14 emphasizes the importance of understanding the three gunas and their influence on human behavior. Recognizing and transcending these modes is essential for spiritual liberation.
Relevance to Modern Life
In today's world, where distractions abound, this chapter offers a timeless guide to cultivating a personal relationship with the Divine through sincere devotion.
Application in Daily Life
By integrating the qualities of a true devotee into daily life and engaging in regular devotional practices, one can experience spiritual growth and inner peace.
Invitation to Explore
Readers are encouraged to delve deeper into the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita, applying its wisdom to enhance their spiritual journey.
Final Thoughts
The path of Bhakti, as outlined in Chapter 14, offers a direct and heartfelt approach to connecting with the Divine, leading to liberation and eternal bliss.
Chapter 14 of the Bhagavad Gita, known as 'Gunatraya Vibhaga Yoga' or 'The Yoga of Division of the Three Gunas,' delves into the nature of the three fundamental qualities—Sattva (goodness), Rajas (passion), and Tamas (ignorance)—that influence human behavior and spiritual progress.
Arjuna seeks clarity from Lord Krishna on the nature of the three gunas and their impact on the soul's bondage and liberation. Krishna responds by explaining how these modes of nature bind the soul and how one can transcend them.
This chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding the three gunas and their influence on human behavior. Recognizing and transcending these modes is presented as essential for spiritual liberation.
In contemporary times, this chapter offers valuable insights into self-awareness and the nature of existence. It encourages individuals to transcend bodily identification and realize their true spiritual essence.
By understanding the nature of the gunas and cultivating qualities like humility, non-violence, and self-discipline, individuals can attain liberation and realize their oneness with the Supreme.
Sattva is the quality of purity, knowledge, and harmony. It binds the soul by attachment to happiness and knowledge, leading to higher states of existence.
Rajas is the quality of passion, activity, and desire. It binds the soul by attachment to action and the fruits of action, leading to continued material existence.
Tamas is the quality of ignorance, inertia, and delusion. It binds the soul by attachment to heedlessness and delusion, leading to lower forms of life.
The gunas interact in various combinations, influencing the mind and behavior. Understanding these interactions helps in transcending their influence.
The predominance of a particular guna at the time of death determines the nature of the next birth. Sattva leads to higher births, Rajas to continued material existence, and Tamas to lower forms of life.
Transcending the gunas involves recognizing their influence and cultivating qualities that lead to liberation, such as detachment, self-discipline, and devotion.
Knowledge of the nature of the gunas and their influence is essential for transcending them. This knowledge leads to self-awareness and spiritual growth.
Detachment from the fruits of action and from material desires helps in transcending the gunas and attaining liberation.
Unswerving devotion to Krishna (bhakti-yoga) is highlighted as the most effective way to transcend the modes of material nature and achieve liberation.
One who remains unaffected by pleasure and pain, success and failure, and maintains equanimity is said to have transcended the gunas.
A person who is unwavering in their commitment to spiritual practices and maintains a steady mind is considered to have transcended the gunas.
Non-attachment to material possessions and outcomes signifies transcendence over the gunas.
Self-awareness and introspection are key to recognizing the influence of the gunas and transcending them.
Compassion towards all living beings reflects a transcendence over the gunas, particularly Tamas.
Maintaining equanimity in all situations demonstrates mastery over the gunas.
Being aware of the predominant guna influencing thoughts and actions helps in making conscious choices.
Engaging in activities that promote purity, knowledge, and harmony leads to the cultivation of Sattva.
Balancing desires and actions through self-discipline and detachment helps in managing Rajas.
Overcoming inertia and delusion through mindfulness and spiritual practices leads to the transcendence of Tamas.
Combining knowledge of the gunas with practical application in daily life facilitates spiritual growth and liberation.
Chapter 14 emphasizes the importance of understanding the three gunas and their influence on human behavior. Recognizing and transcending these modes is essential for spiritual liberation.
In today's world, where distractions abound, this chapter offers a timeless guide to cultivating a personal relationship with the Divine through sincere devotion.
By integrating the qualities of a true devotee into daily life and engaging in regular devotional practices, one can experience spiritual growth and inner peace.
Readers are encouraged to delve deeper into the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita, applying its wisdom to enhance their spiritual journey.
The path of Bhakti, as outlined in Chapter 14, offers a direct and heartfelt approach to connecting with the Divine, leading to liberation and eternal bliss.
